How to implement the transactional outbox pattern for reliable event publishing: schema design, relay claiming, retries, duplicates, ordering, and CDC.
How rate limiting, backpressure, and load shedding keep microservices inside safe capacity, with failure timelines, admission controls, and rollout steps.
How the circuit breaker pattern protects microservices from cascading failures: states, slow-call thresholds, fallbacks, retry interaction, and metrics.